Sodium chloride
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Sodium chloride

Catalog ACM7647145
CAS 7647-14-5
Structure
Category Flocculant
Description Sodium chloride, also known as salt or halite, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. Sodium chloride is the salt most responsible for the salinity of seawater and of the extracellular fluid of many multicellular organisms. In the form of edible or table salt it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks for further chemical syntheses. A second major consumer of sodium chloride is de-icing of roadways in sub-freezing weather.
Synonyms sodium hydrochloride;Sodium chloride;
IUPAC Name Sodium;chloride
Molecular Weight 58.44
Molecular Formula ClNa
Canonical SMILES [Na+].[Cl-]
InChI InChI=1S/ClH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
InChI Key FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Boiling Point 1465 °C
Melting Point 801 °C
Flash Point 1413 °C
Purity 99%+
Density 1.199 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
Solubility Slightly soluble in ethanol
Appearance White crystalline solid
Application Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt, serves a myriad of vital functions across various fields. In culinary practices, it enhances flavor and meets dietary sodium requirements, while also playing a crucial role in food preservation. Therapeutically, sodium chloride solutions help combat dehydration by replenishing electrolytes. In the chemical industry, it is indispensable for producing important chemicals such as hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate. Beyond this, sodium chloride is utilized in diverse applications like dyeing and printing textiles, glazing pottery, and soap making. It is also essential in the preparation of numerous pharmaceutical formulations, particularly to create isotonic solutions. Though its use as a lubricant and diluent in tablet formulations is now rare, sodium chloride has historically served as a channeling and osmotic agent in controlled-release tablets. Additionally, it modifies drug release from gels and emulsions, influences micelle size, and adjusts the viscosity of polymer dispersions. Its multifaceted applications deeply underscore the importance of sodium chloride across multiple domains.
Storage Store at +15 °C to +30 °C
EC Number 231-598-3
Hazard Codes Xi
HS Code 2501002000
LogP -2.99600
MDL Number MFCD00003477
Refractive Index n20/D 1.378
Risk Statements R36; R22
RTECS VZ4725000
Safety Statements S24/25
Stability Stable under normal shipping and handling conditions.
Storage Conditions Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
Vapor Pressure 1 mm Hg ( 865 °C)
WGK Germany 1
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